Direct marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Direct showcasing - Essay Example Innovation like the web with its email offices, sites and mobiles empower advertisers to promote straightforwardly to clients and expected purchasers (Johnson 2005). Firms think that its simpler to advertise in such a way since such a promoting encourages them to target just those clients who might be keen on their items. Just those clients approach the outlets that have a type of an unmistakable fascination for the items and this keeps away from window customers who sit around and thusly add to costs (Hyde 2008). This likewise helps in straightforwardly promoting endeavors a particular way to determined individuals rather than mass showcasing and going haywire with ads sprinkled everywhere throughout the media like the TV, radio, announcements across urban areas and nations requiring over the top budgets(Kotler 2003). Direct showcasing can be done in a few different ways which incorporate legitimately mailing the client, messaging , selling and so on the advantages of direct advertising are a few other than those referenced previously. The information of the clients of your item can be gathered and it can even be bought. This information is detectable, track capable and can truly help in further exploring and improving the item and advertising techniques. The inclinations of the clients can be known and can be useful particularly when new items are to be propelled (Thornton 1995). As per Kotler (2003) the drawback is that since this information can be bought, just anybody can buy it and along these lines the shoppers may get sends that they don’t need and might be aggravated by selling calls. The messages that the shoppers get may not arrive at the buyers who may negligence such sends as garbage or shut them out totally. The organizations promoting in such a manner may not know whether the planned purchasers are perusing the sends or disposing of them yet on the other hand it’s a hazard that each type of publicizing brings about (Kotler 2003). Exploration demonstrates that moving to coordinate

Auditing. PARMALAT COMPANY. The series of scandals caused a general Essay

Examining. PARMALAT COMPANY. The arrangement of outrages caused a general emergency of trust in the honesty of the whole framework o - Essay Example This was one of the prime reasons which had brought the outrage under spotlight. In the year 2003, Parmalat was seriously punished for attempting to bring 300 million up in the type of bonds (Word Socialist, 2004). The creator of the investigation will feature the effect of the trustworthiness in the arrangement of corporate responsibility process, job of the examiners concerning Parmalat outrage. The investigation will likewise feature the significance of corporate administration system identified with Parmalat. The validity of the review announcing, capacities and guidelines will likewise be examined regarding the evaluating methodology completed by Deloitte and Touche in Parmalat. At last, the examination will finish up featuring the adjustments in the basic assessment of changes in reviewing, corporate administration guidelines in counteraction of outrages. Honesty in the System of Corporate Accountability The corporate bookkeeping framework includes the customary bookkeeping and furthermore the social announcing technique. The social announcing ideas should rotate around natural and furthermore the social parts of the advantages and liabilities detailing techniques. It is worried about the advantages and cost related with the issues and the check, affirmation gave by the reviewers (Rao, Tilt and Lester, 2012). It envelops different issues which rotate around the communications and the consideration of components like morals, corporate administration, social and ecological bookkeeping, magnanimity exercises (Pollock, 2011). The advancement of social corporate bookkeeping incorporates the definition of bookkeeping frameworks according to the rules gave by the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) to give exactness in the worldwide and natural bookkeeping. Job of Auditors The job of interior examiners of the organization distinguishes the mistakes and checks whether the measures attempted by the administration are in consistence with the standards and guidelines. The obligation of inside inspector is to check of the straightforwardness of bookkeeping framework and furthermore give exhortation dependent on the led reviewing capacity (National Fraud Authority, n.d). One of the prime goals of the examiner is to give the partners and investors the key confirmation that chance administration exercises are completed viably. The auditor’s inadequacy will be seen when he/she would have the option to reveal the misappropriations in the bookkeeping frameworks and furthermore the readiness of the opportune bookkeeping reports, chance administration framework and different exercises. They assess the bookkeeping exercises and give certain sensible affirmation that empowers the achievement of objectives and targets of the association (Ferrarini and Giudici, 2005). Precise and straightforward reviewing capacity can likewise require the whole money related framework and help in the evacuation of bookkeeping disparities inside the frameworks (Carabal lo, Cheerla and Jafari, 2010). The administration of the organization is unconscious that incorrect examining strategy prompts the complexities inside the bookkeeping arrangement of the association (George, 2011). With regards to Parmalat, the inside evaluators were not just ready to perform exact reviewing, identification of blunder on the techniques for the framework yet in addition had included itself in the making of the falsification of records (Action Fraud, 2013).This was one of the prime reasons which had

Students Who Need Help Writing a Paper

Students Who Need Help Writing a PaperStudents who need help writing a paper will find it easier to write it when they first start studying. They have not got any experience and so their writing is very informal and lacks in professional quality. But as they become more experienced, this problem will dissipate and they will be able to write a better academic paper. The reason for this is that over time, the student will improve their writing skills and will also develop a more professional style of writing that others will respect.As many times college students have problems with writing a paper they have no idea how to begin. For example, what should the paper be about? Should it be about a specific topic? What the teacher expects of the student? What subject should it deal with?For the writer, finding a way to bring this problem to their mind, and then writing, can prove to be quite a challenge. When there is a particular topic they want to write about, they may become disorganised , lacking in concentration. However, they should never be afraid to sit down and start to write.First thing they need to do is to sit down and think about what topic they want to write about. Is it going to be a research paper? A report? Maybe it's going to be something completely different.After they have decided what topic they want to write about, they should start to make sure they are organised. They should write a list of things they need to get. That way they will know they have what they need before they start writing. They should always try to stay in the present moment when they are writing and also try to keep the paper focused on one subject or topic.Keeping the focus on one topic also means that if they lose focus in the middle of the paper, they will be able to recall what they were originally trying to say. They should write a summary of their thoughts in the last paragraph of the paper. This is where they should give some details about the topic they were trying to w rite about.Writing a paper should always start off with a good start. Therefore, when they sit down to write, they should always start by looking at their paper and make sure it has a decent start. They should put everything they can think of into their paper and try to stick to the outline that they have made. When they do this, they will be able to give a better presentation.By doing this, they will start to find a rhythm to their writing, and they will also start to find a style of writing that others will respect. When they have finished the paper, they should go back and edit the paper. This will allow them to have a finished draft that is suitable for them to send out.

Friendship A Strong Form Of Interpersonal Bond Essay

I. Introduction Friendship is a strong form of interpersonal bond, which is witnessed in the book, â€Å"The Middle Five†. Friendship takes a strong toll on the five boys who attend the missionary school. I chose the theme friendship because of many situations in the book, where the young boys took in newly scared boys who didn’t fit in. Friendship is repeated throughout this book in many ways and forms. I feel as though the book started with friendship and ended with friendship. The begging of the book caught my attention when Brush had first met Frank. â€Å"What are you crying for? Don’t cry,-I’ll pay with you and be your friend. I wont let the boys hurt you (p.3)† Later on and throughout the book the boys began to grow closer to each other and began to form a group through the friendship as each boy was placed in the missionary school. Frank started to step into Brush’s footsteps and became very close to boys who were first unfamiliar with the school. â€Å"What’s your Omaha name?† I asked, as I pinned his trousers to his suspenders with sharp sticks and nails. â€Å"They call me Hae-th’na’-ta,† he replied, whipping his face with the end of his coat sleeve. From this time on the lad was always near me, and gradually became my devoted follower. Although at fist is did not care for him much, he finally won my friendship by his faithfulness ad good nature. (p .35-36)† The friendship in the middle five helped the boys out no only with just having someone to be with when they wereShow MoreRelatedClassifications of Types of Friendships850 Words   |  4 PagesCatello ENG 1010 P04 August 22, 2012 Classification of types of Friendships Acquaintances Best Friends Casual Relationships Colleagues Comrades Fair Weather Friends Internet Friends Open Relationships Pen Pals Soul Mates The word friend has been used as a verb in the English language since the early 15th Century. The term comes from German origin and has existed since the founding of Old English. The word friendship is one of its derivatives that is used to indicate supportive andRead MoreAnalysis Of Hotel On The Corner Of Bitter And Sweet1404 Words   |  6 PagesTroubled Water (Simon Garfunkel) Friendship. What is friendship? Wikipedia defines friendship as â€Å"a relationship of mutual affection between two or more people. Friendship is a stronger form of interpersonal bond than an association.†, which is exactly what I think is friendship. I know most of my friends for many, many years and throughout these years we had fights and good moments and this is what forms this strong â€Å"interpersonal bond† also known as friendship. In our novel Hotel on the CornerRead MoreInterpersonal Relationships Analysis1607 Words   |  7 PagesInterpersonal Relationships Analysis This comprehensive analysis determines the concepts, components, and elements of interpersonal relationships. The concept of attraction foundations shows four different stages of attraction beginning with social and interpersonal communication skills forming a bond between two people. The social environment promotes building of interpersonal relationships for both the professional and private environments. The unique exchanges between interpersonal relationshipsRead MoreCommunication At Close Relationships : Friends, Family, And Partner1035 Words   |  5 PagesCommunication in Close Relationships: Friends, Family, and Close Partners Austin Waite Interpersonal Communication Instructor: Kristine Clancy December 7, 2015  Communication in Close Relationships: Friends, Family, and Close Partners Introduction: Communication, a connection between people or places, is important in any relationship, whether it be with a teacher about homework, or your parents about school. â€Å"Most people have never learned how to communicate.   Without this skill, a person isRead MoreFriendship Development Of College Students1613 Words   |  7 PagesFRIENDSHIP DEVELOPMENT IN COLLEGE STUDENTS Friendships are usually formed in early childhood and most times in those years they can contribute to sculpting a child’s personality, and behavior while filling the need for enjoyable company(). When friendships during early childhood and adolescents are formed they are typically based on the grounds that these peers are available during that time. However in college, friendships are more likely based on common interest, similar personalitiesRead MoreGrand Torino Essay1089 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ Grand Torino Analysis Cultural Diversity Through Interpersonal Communication Margaret Heinsohn Florida International University Abstract The aim of this paper is to study the interpersonal communication taking place in a cultured shocked neighborhood. The findings of these studies are applied to the film Grand Torino. In addition, this study will discuss the communication styles applied by the characters of the movie. I believe they are essential to understandingRead MoreWomens Masculine Identity For Fear Of Contempt1542 Words   |  7 Pagesof cohesion and respect, which cohesion could be understood as friendship or reliance on others. Learning to depend on others is essential within military service because a proficient unit is able to operate well when all sections of the team are capable of working in harmony. Military Bronies will often cite the comparison between the Elements of Harmony and the United States Army acronym of values known as LDRSHIP. The term is a form of shorthand for the military branch’s values of Loyalty, DutyRead MoreMovie Analysis for Up778 Words   |  4 PagesUp This paper will focus on interpersonal relationships; more specifically, romantic partners and the development of a relationship in a scene from the movie Up. Relationship development has two spectrums of stages: coming together and coming apart. This paper will focus on the stages taking place in the coming together phase, the relational norms and outcomes, speed of stage advancement, character role in each stage and how they could improve on their interpersonal relationship. The movie UpRead MoreMisunderstanding Relationships in Boogie Nights Essay1629 Words   |  7 Pagesand friendship. It presents a crisscrossing mash-up of various combinations of traditional love categories: friendly (plutonic or nonsexual) love, family love, lust, master/servant or apprentice/teacher love, etc. Besides being entertaining, Boogie Nights presents these combinations to provoke an insight on our part into the nature of love. This insight is exemplified in Jack’s notion of the ideal pornographic film. His ideal film also serves to echo the same flaws found in Plato’s ideal forms. BoogieRead MoreThe Social And Emotional Development Essay1108 Words   |  5 Pagesrelationship is important for both child and parents/caregiver to develop because of social and emotional need. A child’s emotional and social development has significant impact for the social function of a child throughout their lives, education, friendships and employment. Research show t hat a child with no social and emotional development are at very high risk of having poor relationships with peers, academic problems and can lead them into poor decision in life and crime. Many researches show the

Keeping World Hunger From Being Solved - 869 Words

A problem that is keeping world hunger from being solved is the issue is most prominent. Third world countries are the most problematic areas for hunger and malnutrition because they often have the most political issues, and these countries do not have any backup money source or food source when a natural disaster happens. Mowbray believes the economic system we live in now creates more of a gap between the developed countries and the third world countries (556). This gap makes it harder for the third world countries to buy food when they have a natural disaster such as a flood or a drought, which causes the country not to be able to produce the food that is needed for the people to survive. Nah and Chau agree with this and believe the third world countries are in a bad spot because whenever they have a drought or flood, or they have political unrest they are not able to provide for their country. This leads to their infrastructure falling apart, food interruptions, and an increase i n the refugees that must leave their country (545). Another problem with the political unrest is if it causes a civil war. The civil wars can last several years, which is very hard for a country to come back from and usually leads to the country needing even more help than it did in the beginning. Countries often have hunger when they have political issues and food distribution issues, therefore the United Nations should implement a policy to end world hunger by forcing all countries to signShow MoreRelatedThe Problem Of Hunger By Bill Gates992 Words   |  4 Pagespeople hope to accomplish is world hunger. Many of the article explain what the goal is and how they think it can be solved. There are many contributions to hunger such as farming and nutrition. Many people around the world have been and will continue to suffer from hunger if nothing is done about it. Hunger is a huge problem in Africa and there are ways that people are trying to solve it starting from the beginning such as farming. Throughout history, many parts of the world s population have experiencedRead MoreHunger, Homelessness, And Keeping The Environment Clean1126 Words   |  5 PagesKennedy once said, â€Å"Ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country.† There are many ways we can help make a difference in our country. So many people are starving and has no shelter from the weather and other ways of harm. According to Gunder, Dana from the National Resources Defense Council in 2012, â€Å"40% of food is thrown out in the US every year, or about $165 billion worth. All of this uneaten food could feed 25 million Americans.† While some people are having hugeRead MoreGenetically Modified Organisms ( Gmos )1736 Words   |  7 Pagesgo exclusively organic, but on what basis are they choosing to do so? As said by Lord May of Oxford, â€Å"†¦ there has always been initial distrust of new ideas and new technologies† (qtd. in Cook 34). In truth, al l the resentment towards GMOs stems from the fear of new technology; only in the latter did the opposition outline the actual reasoning as to why they choose rebuke GMOs. After the government approved the use of GMOs, opponents claimed that this violated their â€Å"religious and consumer rights†Read MoreEssay on The United Nations Charter2858 Words   |  12 Pagesorganizations to ever be assembled. Since it was founded after the end of World War II in 1945 to replace its predecessor, the League of Nations, the UN has strived to maintain world peace and facilitate cooperation in solving international problems. Without the watch of the UN, many more international issues between states would have ended in serious conflicts and numerous human rights violations would have occurred throughout the world. The UN has proven to be very successful in meeting its goals sinceRead MoreThe Struggles of a Couple in the Heart in Toronto1243 Words   |  5 PagesA very familiar scene f rom the poor areas of Toronto is upon the stage with piles of trash, a mistreated teddy bear and steel fences. In front of this decrepit background and the two park benches covered in coats of graffiti and anarchist icons, gather the melancholy of two kids and their inevitable struggles. Thus setting the stage for Moss Park, a new real-time play written by the acclaimed playwright George F. Walker who won many awards worldwide and directed by theater veteran Patrick McDonaldRead MoreChurch Dwight: Time to Rethink the Portfolio Essay2926 Words   |  12 PagesStates. Although its name was not popular one, its products can be found in variety of consumer products 95% of all U.S. households (Wheelen Hunger, pp.35-2). It has many core product carrying the brand name ARM HAMMER. The ARM HAMMER baking soda became a fundamental item on the pantry shelf because of its several uses other than baking (Wheelen Hunger, pp.35-2). It can be used as a dentifrice, chemical agent to absorb or neutralize odors and acidity, a kidney dialysis element, a blast mediaRead MoreHansel and Gretel Vs. The Simpsons Essay1230 Words   |  5 PagesAt one time or another almost every child has read a story about mystical beings, dashing heroes, and evil villains, all acting out a story in a mysterious place, in a time long, long ago. Fairy Tales, while almost purely of a fictional content, offer us a glimpse into the culture and social staples of a certain society. The classic fairy tale Hansel and Gretel, by the Brothers Grimm, depicts two young siblings abandoned in the forest by their parents during a time of a great famine. The SimpsonsRead MoreEssay America Must Provide Foreign Aid to Poor Countries2010 Words   |  9 Pagessix-foot sleeping mat takes him four days to make and sells for as little as four cents, not enough to buy what little food there is in Malawi.   So he relies on handouts.   A few days ago, Diamond picked up his monthly ration of donated U.S. co rn from the World Food Programme (WFP) at the Ngodzi distribution center near his village, carrying home the 110-pound bags tied to his bicycle (Harman).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Malawi is one of six southern African countries - along with Mozambique, Zambia, ZimbabweRead MoreEssay about Danshui Plant No. 2 Case Analysis1850 Words   |  8 Pagespresidents and famous explorers purchased. Nowadays, Aamp;F become one of the most popular clothing for youth which age of 18-22 year old people, especially for the college students. The company catered four brands thought different life stages – from elementary school to post-college. The Aamp; F co. retailer managed four brands, which are Aamp;F, Abercrombie kids, Hollister Company, and Ruehl, but the Ruehl is closed in early 2010. Through my writing, Aamp;F’s internal strengths, weaknessesRead MoreDoes Democracy Promotion Also Promote Peace?2222 Words   |  9 PagesDoes Democracy Promotion Also Promote Peace? Introduction: That democratic nations are more peaceful than any other regime type has been a topic of debate for many years. From Kant to Clinton, political thinkers and statesmen have hailed democracy as a weapon of peace. In this essay, I will discuss the definitions of democracy and peace, the democratic peace theory, and the reasons why democracies are more peaceful and thus how promoting democracy is a means to promoting peace. What is Democracy

A Case Study on the Effects of Playing Dota - 6511 Words

CHAPTER I The Problem and its Background Introduction There are many students and even some young professional are addicted to Defense of the Ancients or DotA. This is a kind of computer games that can be played by many players and is one of the most popular games to young students. Many students get addicted to this game and they even long hours inside the computer shop just playing this kind of game. There are studies that getting addicted in playing computer games affects their studies and this is the cause why they are lying to their parents that they need extra money for their school project but the truth is they are just using the money to rent a computer where they can play DotA with their classmates. Sometimes in†¦show more content†¦Statement of the Problem The researcher aims to know the effects of playing DotA. Specifically, the researcher ought to answer the following questions: 1. What is the demographic profile of the respondents in terms of: 2. Age; 3. Gender; 4. Years of playing DotA 2. What are the reasons why the respondents play DotA? 3. Does playing DotA affect the life of the respondents? 4. What are the effects of getting addicted to DotA games to the life of the respondents? Hypothesis of the Study The researcher has formulated the following hypothesis: 1. There are more male students that are addicted in playing DotA. 2. Playing DotA is an exciting game because players are given the chance to bond with other players in order to win the game and also it is a test of intelligence on how to defeat their enemy. 3. Playing DotA affect the life of the respondents; physically, emotionally, mentally and socially. 4. Getting addicted to DotA results to poor academic performance and lesser productivity. Significance of the Study The importance of the study is to give information about the effects of getting addicted in playing DotA. The significance of this study is to inform the following: Students. The study would increase their awareness of theShow MoreRelatedA Case Study on the Effects of Playing Dota6523 Words   |  27 Pagesstudents and even some young professional are addicted to Defense of the Ancients or DotA. This is a kind of computer games that can be played by many players and is one of the most popular games to young students. Many students get addicted to this game and they even long hours inside the computer shop just playing this kind of game. There are studies that getting addicted in playing computer games affects their studies and this is the cause why they are lying to their parents that they need extra moneyRead MoreDota2974 Words   |  12 PagesA. Definition of terms DOTA - is a  multiplayer online battle arena  game in a three-dimensional environment, presented from an  oblique  high-angle perspective. The player commands one of 110  controllable character  Heroes. Each Hero begins the match at level one and becomes more powerful by accumulating experience points through combat, thereby leveling up to the maximum level of twenty-five. With every level gained the player either selects a new ability for their Hero to learn or enhance their generalRead MoreDota Research Paper3274 Words   |  14 PagesDOTA HISTORY In the past decade, the computer gaming industry has grown from zilch to mammoth. The quality of game graphics and design enhanced with each new developed game. The latest games swept less new ones off the shelves of gamers. This was the case for almost all game genres especially with strategy games. However, a few strategy games developed by Blizzard Entertainment never seemed to lose their charm, in fact, they continually kept growing even more popular. One such game by Blizzard EntertainmentRead MoreDota 2 : An Online Multiplayer Video Game1274 Words   |  6 PagesIn 2015, Dota 2, an online multiplayer video game, held a competition that consisted of over sixteen teams and 80 players from all over the globe. The action-packed event located in Seattle, Washington had a prize pool of over 18 million dollars. Since its conception in 1972 with the iconic game Pong, the video games have boomed into a 15-billion-dollar industry. Video games have now turned into an eSport, with thousan ds of athletes participating and even Call of Duty, a shooter game, hosted at X-GamesRead MoreThe Insignifcant Dispute of Internet Addiction740 Words   |  3 Pagesthat necessarily true? In ancient China, although people thought a person who can master zheng, chess, penmanship and drawing was a genius man, most parents still forbade their children being engaged in these activities for they all have bad effects on learning. During the 1990s, televisions came into everyone’s house, and many students rushed home every day after school to sit in front of the TV to watch cartoons. And just now, if a teenager does not surf the Internet, he can also go toRead MoreComputer1636 Words   |  7 Pagescomputer and the common reason is that parents want their children to concentrate on their study. While eleven of them are not strict and one of the respondents reason in answering â€Å"No† in the question â€Å"Is your parents strict with reference to computer ?† answered â€Å"Because my parents trust me to what is right and what is wrong and I also know my limitations†. But the question is â€Å"Do they use their limited time in playing or studying?† 1 INTRODUCTION Computer has become an indispensableRead MoreEsports Research Paper1903 Words   |  8 PageseSports, playing video games competitively, might not qualify to be an Olympic sport or that it might promote bad behaviors associated with video games, but I don’t see that to be the case and others agree. ESports being placed into the Olympics will boost the video game related industry, cause the Olympics to appeal to a wider audience, and adapt the Olympics to our evolving culture. Some may jump to the conclusion that video games cause people to become more violent as opposed to not playing andRead MoreThe Effects Of Video Games On People Essay2291 Words   |  10 Pagesthese studies fail to account for. Regarding the APA’s â€Å"Resolution on Violent Video Games† the task force members themselves previously conducted in behavior that seems to already be biased in nature. Task members Sherry Hamby, Kenneth Dodge, Sandra Graham, and Sandra Calvert, all participated in some form of meaningful discussion or persuasion that showed they are bias in their views, which invalidates their findings to some extent. (Wofford) There are also serious problems with the study itselfRead MoreMOBA and Lol Essay examples7551 Words   |  31 PagesMOBAs present a rare study of the â€Å"rhetoric of the imaginary† in play theory applied to popular game design. The genres reification in commercial forms such as League show how the attitudes of distributed design projects manifest themselves as values of play. A close reading of the phases in a match of League of Legends exposes one possible aesthetic framework for the consideration of eSports. Greg Costikyans theory of uncertainty in play serves here as a backbone for the study of conventions,Read MoreThe Effects of Computer Games to the Academic Performance of the Students2131 Words   |  9 Pagesrelationships have been torn apart by one partners computer addiction. Spending hours chatting online, surfing the web or playing computer games can cause relationships to deteriorate as other parts of a persons life are neglected. The newly diagnosed computer addiction has gained much press attention recently, as children have also been affected. A recent research study showed that some children suffer from computer rage when they are forbidden to play computer games. The results are temper tantrums

Thomas Jefferson and Philosophical Consistency free essay sample

Thomas Jefferson was an early American politician, who was well-known for his actions during his presidency. He was labeled as a Democratic-Republican, meaning he favored stronger rights of individual states, rather than a central government with a lot of power. That is, at least in the years prior to his presidency. After he was elected, however, his convictions totally changed. During his presidency, three major events; his war with the Barbary Pirates, his restrictive economic policies, and the Louisiana Purchase, all directly contradicted the beliefs of himself and other Democratic-Republicans. Before he was elected Thomas Jefferson did not like the idea of a large military, because of his principles of Republicanism. During Adams’ presidency and bid for larger armed forces, Jefferson was completely against such a notion, and he did not want a standing army. Even with his â€Å"principles†, he still acted against the Barbary States in Africa with his armed forces (Doc. We will write a custom essay sample on Thomas Jefferson and Philosophical Consistency or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page D). The pirates were boarding American ships in the Mediterranean and stealing their cargo. The pirates were harassing the American shipping industry very greatly. Although Jefferson had reason to attack the pirates, this action directly contradicted his feelings before his presidency. Not only did he contradict himself, he also contradicted the Constitution, because he was not legally allowed to declare war against another country without an act of Congress approving such a move. When the conflict ended, Jefferson also paid $60,000 to keep the Barbary Pirates off of American ships as blackmail money, something he would not have done before he became the President. Jefferson had once been a man against war and yet once he got into power his feelings had changed. Additionally, Jefferson’s feelings on economic policies greatly changed after the election of 1800. Before the presidency, he said â€Å"the excise law is an infernal one. The first error was to admit it by the Constitution† (Doc. A). Jefferson believed the tax imposed by the Federalists was wrong and unconstitutional to tax the whiskey. He then believed in a strict interpretation of the Constitution, and thought a federal bank was unconstitutional as well, although the Federalists wanted to interpret it loosely. Jefferson believed that the Constitution â€Å"delegated to the federal government certain definite powers, reserving, each state to itself†¦the right to their own self-government† (Doc. B). He did a total reversal on his beliefs on states’ rights, and thought the federal government should be more powerful, which distanced himself from his party. He enacted the Embargo Act of 1807 during his presidency. This is thought of as one of his worst decisions ever. Instead of declaring war, as he would have done during the 1790’s, Jefferson had the Embargo Act passed, which prevented the U. S. from trading with any foreign nation. However his stubbornness did not succeed however, the Embargo Act really hurt the American economy and American merchants more than either Britain or France. The hatred for this stubborn act of neutrality was so bad that the Federalist Circular claimed that the Embargo Act would â€Å"wrest the inestimable germ of†¦Independence from you† (Doc. E). The Embargo Act held a stricter grip on states than previously done by Jefferson. His change in policies also affected many of his people. The Louisiana Purchase is another course of action taken by Jefferson known for contradicting his strict constitutionalist views. Neglecting the fact that there is no clause in the Constitution permitting him to purchase land, Jefferson used Napoleon’s European conquest to help him get rid of New World worries. Napoleon compares this decision to saying to your grown child, â€Å"I did this for your good. I pretend to no right to bind you, you may disavow me, and I must get out of the scrape as I can. I thought it my duty to risk myself for you† (Doc C). Another example of his distancing himself from his views on the Constitution is here. He used a loose interpretation of the Constitution, saying the Constitution never said not to do it, as the Federalists once said. They did a complete 180 degree turn as well, and called for a stricter interpretation of the Constitution. Thomas Jefferson completely reversed his views on war, economic policy, and the interpretation of the Constitution while he was in office. He must have realized the concepts he believed in were totally unattainable in real life practice. He went from empowering the small farmer to taking control with a huge government just like that when he got elected. Thomas Jefferson’s actions as a president were very scrutinized, especially for the reversal on policies.

Feed It Is not the Hypothetical Future, but the Allegorical Reality

Introduction Many people have claimed that M.T. Anderson contemplates hypothetical future in his famous novel Feed. Some have argued that this future can become reality if people keep consuming everything: food, clothes, devices, and even ideas.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Feed: It Is not the Hypothetical Future, but the Allegorical Reality specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Obviously, Anderson’s hypothetical future has already come, to certain extent. The author claims that the novel portrays allegorical present as major trends existing in society are brought to the fore. The author focuses on one of the major issues which need to be addressed. Consumerism has become something more than a nice topic for scholars to reflect upon. Consumerism has penetrated all spheres of human being. Anderson makes people think of consumerism as a global and all-embracing phenomenon which shapes the very human natur e. Anderson’s novel is especially important and suggestive as it is a part of the larger discourse. Thus, the novel correlates to works by Freire, Bordo, Foucault and Giroux. All these works make people understand that there is a specific threat. Anderson depicts the world with ‘feeds’ which can be regarded as ways to establish a total control over people, which, in its turn, is manifested in all spheres of their lives: education, relationships and even the way of thinking. Anderson manages to reveal the idea with the help of various literary means which make the novel so intimate, involving and inspiring.Advertising Looking for term paper on american literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Education and Total Control Anderson’s World Anderson depicts the world where people acquire knowledge with the help of specific devices implanted into people’s brain. People are passive receivers of in formation. Importantly, they hardly choose the information they want to obtain, but some agencies select information sent to people. Only few people try to use their feeds in a more productive way. For instance, Violet says: â€Å"But I want to know what’s going on† (Anderson 111). However, in Anderson’s world the majority of people are satisfied with the information they got. People do not mind huge amounts of rather useless information (e.g. ads) coming into their heads. They get used to it and think it is normal. Of course, this world can seem rather unreal and dystopian. The Real World and Scholars’ Ideas Nonetheless, the work by Freire confirms that the novel is not what may happen in future, but it is about some trends which have already become reality. Freire reveals the concept of banking education. The author argues that banking education â€Å"inhibits and domesticates† creativity as teachers simply deposit certain facts and students are encouraged to accumulate the facts (Freire n.p.). It is important to note that the scholar touches upon a very important issue. Now students do lack creativity, they are not encouraged to generate ideas as teachers seem to be satisfied if a student simply memorizes the necessary amount of information. Likewise, Giroux claims that many important issues remain â€Å"unchallenged by both teachers and students† (19). The two scholars argue that the major aim of education is still to make young people able to think, rather than acquire specific information. Unfortunately, many educators forget about this.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Feed: It Is not the Hypothetical Future, but the Allegorical Reality specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It is possible to assume that Anderson’s world is not that unreal after all. Anderson simply reveals his concerns in an allegorical way. He depicts people who rely on somebody else’s vision without trying to work out perspectives of their own. Anderson puts allegorical devices into people’s heads. However, people already act as if they had those devices. They consume information provided by TV, the Internet, radio, etc. They focus on things rather than on their own development. It is possible to note that there are already a lot of people who have their ‘feeds’. Anderson rightfully points out that people are becoming plainer as they do not care about really important issues while focusing on some trivial things. The author states that those in power are responsible for many processes that take place in the contemporary world: It’s like a spiral: They keep making everything more basic so it will appeal to everyone. And gradually, everyone gets used to everything being basic, so we get less and less varied as people, more simple. So the corps make everything even simpler. And it goes on and on. (Anderson 97) It is easy to find parallels in the contemporary world to understand Anderson’s assertions are precise. Relations and Total Control As far as interpersonal relationships are concerned, Anderson is not very optimistic. The writer makes it clear that people’s relations are also shaped by those in power. This control is slightly visible. Nonetheless, feeds help authorities to control people and make sure no one differs from the other one. Thus, Violet is different as she strives for knowledge and change. However, she has no right to live in the world where everything is controlled. This dangerous individual is ‘removed’ as her feed slowly kills the girl.Advertising Looking for term paper on american literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Foucault touches the issue of total control and isolation as well. The author argues that authorities have often used their power to establish total control over people during period of extreme danger (like plague). People were not allowed to leave their houses; they were not allowed to communicate to prevent the spread of the deadly disease (Foucault n.p.). Anderson depicts the world where authorities use their power to prevent the spread of dangerous ideas which can be seen as certain kind of plague. People are bombarded by various ads and bits of information to distract them from what is really important, proper communication and development. Thus, Titus communicates with people who share the same ideas, who are satisfied with their lives. However, as soon as Titus meets Violet who understands that people are like puppets, something goes wrong. Titus and Violet have no future as Violet’s ideas are dangerous; she is infected and can infect others. Violet has to die in Ander son’s world. The story may seem dystopian. It has something in common with dystopias written by Orwell and Huxley. However, it is possible to trace certain similarities with the contemporary world as well. People are often distracted from what is really important. One of Anderson’s character notes that â€Å"Americans are interested in the consumption† without paying attention to many other things (290). Unfortunately, this assumption is applicable to the real world, to certain extent. The Way of Thinking and the Total Control More so, Anderson notices that the very way of thinking is being shaped. His characters are bombarded by ads, which is also taking place in the contemporary world. People’s perception of beauty, health, efficiency, etc. is shaped by numerous ads. Thus, Bordo argues that men’s beauty is seen differently now (168). Notably, people are taught to appreciate certain things, they are told to like what is ‘fashionable’. It is even possible to claim that people are deprived of their right to choose as they are only shown what is ‘right’. Of course, there are many thinking people. However, there are too many people who are eager to accept what is told without thinking critically. Anderson explains this unwillingness or even inability to think critically by the devices implanted. However, it is much more difficult to explain the nature of this unwillingness in the real world. Real people do not have any ‘feeds’ but they tend to follow trends and consume things. Anderson makes people think of the nature of their ‘feeds’. The novel makes people think of how they act and, more importantly, why they act that way. Particular Literary Means People’s Inability to Communicate Noteworthy, many scholars try to draw people’s attention to the issue of consumerism. However, their assertions could not reach such a wide audience. Only literary works can affect so many people at a time. Only a good literary work can make people stop and think. One of the reasons why literary works have such power over people is that literary works are expressive. Writers can achieve their goals by presenting their ideas with the help of some expressive means. For instance, Anderson uses bright metaphors to articulate his ideas. The author argues that people cannot communicate anymore. Communication (or rather proper communication) for them is something similar to brain surgery which is unbearably difficult to cope with: And you have to get exactly the right place, and you’re touching around in the brain but the patient, she keeps jumping and saying, â€Å"Ow.† (Anderson 54) The author does not simply reports that people are unable to communicate as they are overwhelmed by less meaningful things. The author provides the metaphor that speaks to each reader evoking various images. The metaphor used makes the reader think of his/her own relations w ith others. Everyone tries to understand whether he/she is the unfortunate surgeon. The Necessity to Start the Discourse Anderson also makes people understand that it is time to start discussing the problem. The problem should not be discussed by a group of people who are not heard by many. Nations should think of their future. The author states that whispering â€Å"makes a narrow place narrower† (151). This metaphor represents the discourse which can be regarded as whispering as people do not listen to concerns expressed by scholars. Consumerism needs to be considered by every individual as people cannot make their world even narrower than it is now. Anderson provides the bright metaphor to make people understand that they need to address the issue which can become a serious threat to humanity. How to Escape Anderson’s Allegorical Present Thus, Anderson as well as many scholars claims that people need to reconsider their ways. Some may reveal concerns that people hav e no future as consumerism has reshaped the very nature of human beings. However, there is no need to be that pessimistic. People still can change for better. They can save themselves from Anderson’s â€Å"feeds†. People’s hope lies in the sphere of education. Education is the force that can reshape people’s perceptions. Giroux points out that education can provide people with the vision of future (14). Of course, it is necessary to improve the sphere to accommodate it to the world that has already changed. Educators should not simply report some events and provide bits of information. They should encourage young people to think critically, to come up with their own ways and to be creative. Apart from this, educators should make young people understand that each individual should have particular opinion on everything. Educators should make all people understand that choices people make every day make them humans. Educators are responsible for development of generations who cherish free will and never try to create the world with â€Å"feeds†. Thus, new generations will reshape the world of consumers. Some may think that he/she can sit back and wait for those new generations to come. However, people living in the contemporary world are those generations which are to make difference. Anderson’s novel is one of the examples that people are ready to change their world. The fact that the novel has reached people’s hearts is the sign that the changes have already started. Conclusion To sum up, Anderson’s novel is a part of the ongoing discourse concerning consumerism. Anderson touches upon issues which have been discussed by many scholars. However, the novel is one of the most effective writings that has made many people think of their ways. Due to various expressive means, Anderson reaches people’s hearts. Some may assume that the author is very pessimistic as he draws a really sad picture of the future of humanity. However, it is necessary to note that Anderson just warns people. More so, people should not think that there is nothing they can do. On the contrary, people can change themselves and the world they live in. Education is the force that will help humanity go on and develop. Works Cited Anderson, Matthew Tobin. Feed, Cambridge, MA: Candlewick, 2004. Print. Bordo, Susan. Beauty (Re)Discovers the Male Body n.d. Web.http://employees.oneonta.edu/farberas/arth/arth200/Body/bordo_male_beauty.html. Foucault, Michael. Discipline Punish (1975), Panopticism n.d. Web. https://foucault.info/documents/foucault.disciplineAndPunish.panOpticism/. Freire, Paulo. Chapter 2 of Pedagogy of the Oppressed n.d. Web. Giroux, Henry A. On Critical Pedagogy, New York, NY: Continuum, 2011. Print. This term paper on Feed: It Is not the Hypothetical Future, but the Allegorical Reality was written and submitted by user Elisa K. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Abortion misc0 essays

Abortion misc0 essays During the past century, abortion has joined race and war as one of the most debatable subjects of controversy in the United States. The issue of abortion causes discussions about human interactions where ethics, emotions and law come together. There are many reasons why women decide to have abortions. Some women have abortions because of health complications, some have marital problems, and some lack responsibility. Whatever the reasons a woman decides to have an abortion, it seems only justified that she should be able to make decisions in regards to her life and body. The decisions that she makes in regards to what she does with her body and the fetus will be beneficial to both the woman and the fetus because it will prevent many problems from occurring in the future. If a woman were to have an unwanted baby, she may neglect or even abuse the child causing the child to go into the care of the government. Bringing an unwanted child into the world is unfair to the innocent child and the woman. The government has no valid reason in bringing an unwanted life into the world. Bringing an unwanted child into the world is not helpful to the parents, the child and the government, because if the parents cannot take care of the child, eventually, the government will be responsible for the child. The right to have an abortion is personal and essential to a womans life, because having a baby in ones life causes dramatic changes. Pregnancy and childbirth can prevent women from keeping and getting jobs. When women are pregnant many employers do not want to hire them because when the woman has a baby, the company or employer must still pay her for the time that she is out of work by law. Also, raising a baby and providing for all the needs that a child has is a lot of money, which can create an insufficient income for many women. Another factor that imposes on women when they have children is the amount of time they have for themsel...

Local Area Network Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Local Area Network - Essay Example Software can take the form of a centralized database, distributed application or can be a collection of simple utilities, which might be shared on a computer with in the domain. Similarly hardware can be a printer or a centralized storage device. LAN offers the fastest data transfer rate up to 10 Mbps. Stair & Reynolds (2001) suggest that usually, LAN is wired into office buildings, factories, school buildings, etc and are built around personal computers (PC). When a PC is connected to a LAN, a network interface card (NIC) is required which is placed in a computer's expansion slot to allow it to communicate with the network. A wire or connector from the network is then plugged directly into NIC. (Stair & Reynolds, 2001, p. 138) In order to install and configure a LAN setup in a school, the topology should have to be selected. Out of the three topologies, i.e. ring, bus and star, star topology is the most feasible one, as due to the failure of a computer or a segment of wire or a node, the other network nodes would not be affected at all. For star topology the basic hardware required for connectivity are as follows: For a smaller LAN with a maximum of 10 computers Hub works fine but for a larger LAN a switch gives better efficiency compared to a hub. The reason is that the hub broadcast the data packet to every node, hence all other nodes except the destination node thereby ignoring the broadcasted data packet where as the switch store the MAC addresses of each node and would send the data packet only to the destination node. UTP (Unshielded Twisted Pair) cable: This type of cable is the most feasible one as it is cheaper and it gives a data rate of 10 Mbps. Further more in a larger LAN setup, if the distance between two switches or between switch and a terminal (computer) is more than 100 meters than we have to use a repeater device, which enhances the signal strength so that it can reach the destination. Hence for every 100 meters we have to use a repeater device. Apart from these network components, all the computers, which are going to participate as a node in the network must have a LAN card. Every computer must have to be joined directly to a switch by the help of single twisted pair cable. In case of larger number of computer, then the switches should have to be connected with each other by the help of cross twisted pair cable connection. When all the computers are physically connected with each other to form a LAN setup, then the network operating system should have to be installed and configured on every computer so that they can communicate with each other. Since a LAN must have at least one domain server so in order to make a computer to act as domain server, we have to install a server operating system like Windows 2003. After that install and configure ADS (active directory services) on that server computer. Create user accounts and register every network resource within the ADS. Further more in the ADS, privileges can be assigned individually to every user account, so that when a user logins from a client computer, he can access only the allowed resources. For rest of the client computers, we have to

The Development Of Diverse Sexual Orientations In Humans Begets Only Research Paper

The Development Of Diverse Sexual Orientations In Humans Begets Only New Versions, Rather Than Presents A Universal Explanation - Research Paper Example While all these people have some thoughts on this issue, hardly somebody of them can clearly operate by well known and scientifically proved arguments that are perceived as a common truth. Biologists, sociologists, psychologists and other professionals do investigate the issue of different sexual orientation among humans, conducting more and more studies and researches in attempts of finding the most reliable answer. Deep studies of the development of diverse sexual orientations in humans begets only new versions, rather than presents a universal explanation There exist many different scientific studies and methodologies aimed at understanding the factors, influencing human sexual orientation. These factors can be differentiated by two or even three categories, including: social factors, biological factors or â€Å"symbioses† of both social and biological factors. Mustanski et al., (2002) in their research review mainly the influence of biological factors on sexual orientation and concludes that biological influences do have impact on human sexual behavior to some extent. While exploring biological influences on sexual orientation, empirical researchers are used to apply two approaches: impact of hormones on development of sexual orientation, and behavioral genetics. ... This research was focused on those drugs which were more likely to affect the hormone level. This link was aslo supported previously by Mustanki et al. (2002) because misbalance of sex hormones levels lead to sexual differentiation of the fetal brain. To be more precise, Mustanski et al. (2002: 97) mentions â€Å"that prenatal hormones hard wire sexual orientation into fetal brains†. For studying the impact of the use of drugs during gestation, researchers have taken a sample of 5102 mothers and collected reports of mothers and their offspring regarding their sexual orientation. According to the results of survey, less than 15% of pregnant women have taken at least one drug or class of drugs, however there was found little evidence on prenatal exposure to drugs among male offspring (Ellis and Hellberg, 2005). While this theory failed to work in relation to male scion, there was evidence that some drugs did have some impact on sexual orientation among female offspring. These we re two types of drugs, which consisted of synthetic thyroid medications and amphetamine-based diet pills (Ellis and Hellberg, 2005). This tendency might be explained by the fact that during the first three months of being pregnant mothers of lesbian offspring did consume high doses of drugs prescribed. From this study there have made a conclusion that prescription drugs such as mentioned above have influence on the immune system of developing female fetuses. Immune system may impact on the processes of feminization of the brain among males, and masculinization of the brain among females. These â€Å"reverse† reactions of the brain might result in different sexual orientations of offspring.

Useful strategy for a college Essay Example for Free

Useful strategy for a college Essay The Summary/Response essay is a useful strategy for a college essay. Keep the following points in mind as you compose: $ The introduction will be a brief summary of one of the assigned essays or a chapter of the video and its main points. $ The introduction should end with your thesis statement indicating your reaction to the selection (agree/disagree) and the main point you will attempt to prove in your essay regarding this topic. $ Each body paragraph will present one aspect of your argument, and the topic sentence of each paragraph will inform the reader what that specific paragraph will discuss. $ Each body paragraph will include supporting details in the form of explanations, facts, examples (both personal and observed), and/or statistics. If you obtained any information from another source, be sure to state the source of the information and if needed, use quotation marks. $ Each paragraph should stick to its topic and not break unity or coherence by discussing ideas that belong in other paragraphs. All paragraphs will serve to prove your thesis. $ Add needed transition words such as those found on page 9 on your text. A few terms that signal you are adding more examples for explanation purposes are for instance, in addition, and furthermore. Some terms that prepare the reader for a contrast or change in viewpoints are however, although, and but. Some terms that show a result of idea and lead to a summary are therefore, consequently, a a result, and in conclusion.

Dennis Rodman :: essays research papers

Dennis Rodman Title: Bad As I Wanna Be Author: Dennis Rodman with Tim Keown # of pages: 258 Setting: The book takes place in Dallas, Texas where Dennis Rodman lived while he was a kid, Detroit, Michigan where Dennis Rodman played basketball for the Detroit Pistons, San Antonio, Texas where Dennis Rodman played basketball for the San Antonio Spurs, and Chicago, Illinois where Dennis Rodman is currently playing for the Chicago Bulls. Character: Dennis Rodman. A pro basketball player who plays for the Chicago Bulls. He averages 18.7 rebounds a game which 90% of the time is the best in the NBA. He is currently making 10 million dollars a year. He is divorced and has a daughter named Alexis. He says Alexis is the only reason he is here today. Summary: On April of 1993 Dennis Rodman sat in his pick-up truck with a gun in his lap deciding whether he should kill himself. He was in depression at the time because the Detroit Pistons were doing very poorly that year considering they were Champions of the World just three years before that. The NBA had changed Dennis Rodman into someone he didn't even know. It seemed as though Dennis spent his life trying to be what others wanted him to be. Once he realized he had to start living for himself, people perceived him as being rebellious and as most people say weird. Dennis Rodman just wants everyone to know who he really is and to accept him for himself and to let him do his job. Theme: I learned that Dennis Rodman is not as crazy as everyone thinks he is. He is actually a very normal person. I think the reason this book was released is because Dennis Rodman has a very interesting life. People want to know what it is like

Colors Tv Report

Colors TV Channel – Study of Marketing Strategy Presented By: Group 2 Gourav Dokania – 10P078 Rahul Kaushal – 10P100 Saaransh Malani – 10P106 Shalabh Arora – 10P109 Shivi Goel -10P112 Tisa Annie Paul – 10P117 Vivek Mogili – 10P120 Contents Introduction:3 Television environment: a brief study4 Marketing environment:4 The Genesis – The Launch and its effects7 The Silver Lining10 MARKET ENTRY STRATEGIES OF COLORS (PRE-LAUNCH)10 PROMOTION STRATEGIES for the launch:12 Analysing Colors based on marketing framework15 SWOT Analysis:17 Marketing Mix:18 Analyzing consumer behavior and developing targeting strategies:19 ADVERTISING POLICIES21 AD rates and Sources of Revenues:22 DISTRIBUTION POLICIES OF COLORS23 Pricing Policy24 INTERNATIONAL FORAY24 Areas of concern:25 Introduction: As part of our second project in Marketing Planning course, we would like to present a comprehensive study regarding the Colors TV channel. As part of the study, we would like to cover the following points: 1. The marketing environment revolving around TV channels in general This is divided into three parts during the course of the report: †¢ Pre-liberalization environment The immediate post-liberalization phase †¢ The environment preceding the launch of Colors channel †¢ The present marketing environment 2. The consumer target segment and their behaviour during the above phases 3. The launch strategies followed by Colors TV 4. The analysis of Colors TV channel based on various marketing frameworks Below are the frameworks, we would like to base our study on: †¢ SWOT analysis †¢ 5 C’s framework 5. The product and marketing strategies followed by the channel 6. The segmentation, targeting and positioning strategies as applicable. The study and analysis is backed by an online survey 7. The pricing policies taking into account the revenue model and AD rates 8. The distribution policies followed by the channel 9. Recommendations and conclusions Television environment: a brief study We will start our study by briefly explaining what we mean by a marketing environment and will then proceed to study the marketing environment of TV channels as discussed in the phases above. We will specifically focus our study in Hindi General Entertainment Channels. Marketing environment: A marketing environment consists of actors and forces outside the organization that affect management’s ability to build and maintain relationships with target customers. Two kinds of classification can be made: †¢ Microenvironment: actors close to the companies that affect its ability to serve its customers. †¢ Macroenvironment: larger societal forces that affect the microenvironment. Two points are worth noting at this stage: †¢ Studying the environment allows marketers to take advantage of opportunities as well as to combat threats. †¢ Marketing intelligence and research are used to collect information about the environment. Doordarshan era: Indian small screen programming started majorly in the early 1980s. At that time there was only one national channel Doordarshan, which was government owned. By the late 1980s more and more people started to own television sets. Though there was a single channel, television programming had reached saturation. Hence the government opened up another channel which had part national programming and part regional. This channel was known as DD 2 later DD Metro. Both channels were broadcast terrestrially. Liberalization era: In 1992, the government liberated the industry by opening them up to cable television. Five new channels belonging to the Hong Kong-based STAR TV gave Indians a fresh breath of life. MTV, STAR Plus, Star Movies, BBC, Prime Sports and STAR Chinese Channel were the 5 channels. Zee TV was the first private owned Indian channel to broadcast over cable. A few years later CNN, Discovery Channel and National Geographic Channel made their foray into India. Star expanded its bouquet introducing STAR World, STAR Sports, ESPN, Channel V and STAR Gold. Regional channels flourished along with a multitude of Hindi channels and a few English channels. By 2001 HBO and History Channel were the other international channels to enter India. By 1999–2003, other international channels such as Nickelodeon, Cartoon Network, VH1, Disney and Toon Disney came into foray. In 2003 news channels started to boom. The most recent channels that have come up are UTV Movies, UTV Bindass, Zoom, Colours, 9X and 9XM. The growth post-liberalization: Starting with 41 sets in 1962 and one channel, by 1991 TV in India covered more than 70 million homes giving a viewing population of more than 400 million individuals through more than 100 channels. As per the TAM Annual Universe Update – 2010, India now has over 134 million households (out of 223 million) with television sets, of which over 103 million have access to Cable TV or Satellite TV, including 20 million households are DTH subscribers. In Urban India, 85% of all households have a TV and over 70% of all households have access to Satellite, Cable or DTH services. TV owning households have been growing at between 8-10%, while growth in Satellite/Cable homes exceeded 15% and DTH subscribers grew 28% over 2009. It is also estimated that India now has over 500 TV channels covering all the main languages spoken in the nation. A cursory glance at the TV offerings show the kind of diversity that Indian society has –channels for not just different languages, but also serving different niches within the broad umbrella of entertainment, spirituality, news, music & movies. The volatile tastes of India’s TV audience leads to ratings volatility and viewership fragmentation which can put pressure on ad rates, as ad volumes and rates are unlikely to move up simultaneously. Rising ad volumes will dent ad rates; hence, incumbents could see slower top-line growth. In addition we have analyzed the following factors – 1) Lack of entry barriers bringing new competition The pace at which channels are being launched is alarming and indicates the lack of significant entry barriers in television, compared to the stickiness of other media, such as print, where persuading readers to switch to another paper is not as easy as flipping channels. General entertainment channels command a 40% share of the total advertisement pie and have an estimated ad market size of US$1bn and have seen an increase in serious competition over the past few quarters, driven by new launches from entities funded by private equity investors and international media conglomerates 2) Building scale is critical, but could dent earnings momentum The entire broadcast sector wants to expand, as only companies with well-diversified exposure, a broad range of channels and control of strategic assets are well-positioned to fend off competition. This also ensures that advertisers are offered a spectrum of media choices, leading to growth through higher addressable ad volumes and reduced sensitivity to ad rates. This comes at a cost; however, as earnings performance deteriorates during the transition phase, when expansion TV18 is diversifying into unrelated assets, which could lead to significant losses in the initial phase due to lack of immediate synergies and the learning curve, required for reaching breakeven point. 3) Deviation in ad revenues as per the market conditions Research suggests a slowdown in economy directly affects the ad revenues being generated. While a worsening competitive environment, lower liquidity in financial markets and high interest rates can lead to a tough operating environment for broadcasters, we believe that strong market growth and pay revenue streams will ensure their survival of these channels in the near term. 4) Expect acceleration in organized pay revenues Expert estimate India’s organized subscriber base to expand at a 36% CAGR over the next three years, while the unorganized subscription pie is expected to witness a sharp contraction (-7% CAGR) due to ongoing efforts to switch customers onto the organized network. Subscription revenues directly add to profitability and should help broadcasters balance out margins pressure from competition and rising costs. The Genesis – The Launch and its effects Alliance formation between Network 18 Group and Viacom Inc. In May of 2007, the Network 18 Group and Viacom Inc, a New York-based global entertainment content company announced the creation of a 50:50 joint venture operation in India called Viacom 18. The strategic alliance includes television, film and digital media content across numerous brands to build India’s leading multi-platform entertainment company. Launch of Colors TV Channel In-spite of the tough competition and neither partner having any experience in operating a Hindi-language entertainment channel, Studio18, a new-age motion picture brand that produces, acquires and distributes Hindi films launched the Hindi General Entertainment Channel – COLORS on 21st June, 2008. Face Off Against a Decade Long Legacy of Star TV Colors TV Channel was the eleventh entrant into a market space that was already over-crowded and extremely competitive. Not only that, the battle for leadership in this market, which happened to be the Hindi general entertainment genre, the biggest segment in terms of both the viewership share as well as advertising revenue potential, on television had already been fought and won. The Hindi GEC space was dominated by Star plus, Zee and Sony. According to television audience measurement agency TAM Media research, four weeks prior to the launch of the channel, that is in June 2008, Star Plus was the clear leader with 351 GRPs, followed by Zee TV with 226 GRPs and Sony at number three with 102 GRPs. Intense Rivalry for the Second Spot Those at the middle and the bottom rung were not in a comfortable zone either. The other close rivals, Zee TV and Sony Entertainment Television, had been fighting tooth and nail to claim the number two slot but none could hold it for too long. Other New Entrants had Failed Most importantly, the industry response to some new entrants such as 9X and NDTV Imagine had not been too encouraging. And surprisingly, all other channels preceding and succeeding Colors had performed dismally. Colors’ immediate predecessor NDTV Imagine was far from breaking into the top three exclusive club and other new entrants such as 9X and Real, launched by Alva Brothers, of Miditech fame (the television content production company behind popular shows such as Roadies) and Turner International were struggling to keep themselves going. Colors TV Channel exceeded the general expectation setting new records Taking the above factors into account, Colors’ entry in this scenario did not seem like a sound business decision to most in the industry. Most industry watchers wrote it off even before they switched it on. The viewership ratings post-launch: [pic][pic] The viewership ratings after one year of launch [pic] [pic] ? Colors showed the maximum increase in viewership in the seven months preceding its launch. Its launch had expanded the GEC pie by 37%, maximum of which was taken by Colors as seen by the table below: [pic] ? Within 10 weeks Colors managed to gain more than 100 advertisers. The awareness transcended into unprecedented loyalty [pic] The Silver Lining In the past, it has taken a channel six to nine years to break even. Colors, according to the industry watchers, will be breaking even by end of 2010. MARKET ENTRY STRATEGIES OF COLORS (PRE-LAUNCH) 1) Colors – Jasbaat Ke Rang COLORS' is a positioned as a blend of 'emotions' and ‘variety', COLORS promises to offer an entire spectrum of emotions to the viewers that is well captured in its tagline – ‘Jasbaat Ke Rang'. The vibrant colours and leaf design used in the logo brought a new fresh perspective along with. 2) Use of existing network of Network 18 to market Colors Viacom 18 left no stone unturned to market Colors either. For a start, it made a smart use of Network 18’s news channels to cross promote the entertainment channel. 3) Not popularizing fiction shows before the launch To avoid confusing the viewer, it also cleverly pushed only its high-wattage show, and Akshay Kumar. In contrast, 9x advertised all its fiction shows during its launch. Akshay Kumar actually worked almost like a brand ambassador for Colors without the channel really having to rope him in that role. The star’s face helped the channel cut through the clutter. ) Deploying the falling popularity of K serials They also benefited from Star Plus’ own lethargy towards taking quick action against the falling popularity of its K-serials (the family soaps produced by content production house Balaji Telefilms. Since the titles of most shows produced by the company began with letter, K, they were referred to as K-serials) 5) Offering of differentiated TV programs The iron was hot to be stroked. While the popularity of s aas-bahu serials had been falling, Colors came out with a fresh and diversified mix. At one hand was Indian version of Fear Factor hosted by Akshay Kumar and at the other hand was Balika Vadhu based on the female oppression in India. Then, mythological serials, coming after a huge break greatly attracted the viewers. Mothers who were hooked on the Saas-bahu serials started switching channels during the break to check on what stunts the ravishing girls were doing on a particular episode of Khatron Ke Khiladi. The tendency to sneak into Colors Channel gradually developed into a habit for these folks and soon most of them were hooked on to Colors for their daily dose of entertainment in the evening. ) Roping in celebrities like Akshay Kumar To be sure, every aspect of Colors’ launch, be it the distribution, marketing or content had been well thought through. The channel started with only four hours of original programming but it got a competent viewership driver in the form of Khatron Ke Khiladi (KKK), which was hosted by Bollywood hottie Akshay Kumar. Akshay Kum ar was at his prime at that time. Bringing him to the small screen was sure to bring in eyeballs. It was, therefore, a good programming strategy. 7) Different days and timing of airing the programs The reality show Fear Factor was actually aired in Weekdays. Colors’ content head Ashwini Yarde, formerly at Zee, says the channel took a major risk in introducing an action-packed, male-skewed reality show with Akshay Kumar (and 13 daring pretty young things) on weekdays between 10 and 11 pm. It experimented with reality on week days against the popular trend of airing such shows during weekends. Also, it went against the tide as the 10-11 pm slot was historically oriented towards women-centric serials such as Kahani Ghar Ghar Ki and Kyunki Saas Bhi Kabhi Bahu Thi. The shows in 7-10 pm band were targeted at kids and non-metros and then at 10pm, they had Fear Factor, which was targeted mainly at metro audience PROMOTION STRATEGIES for the launch: The launch of Colors has seen the most innovative and all-medium encompassing strategy, yet to be seen in this competitive and cluttered space. 1) Tie up with Mumbai Dabbawalas The team also tied up with the famous 250,000 dabbawallahs of Mumbai to plaster the channel’s and its various shows’ logos and snapshots on the tiffin boxes that are distributed among people across the city. 2) Tie up with Barista Lavazza They launched Khatron Ke Khiladi limited edition coffee in association retail chain Barista Lavazza. It was for the first time, a television channel had done such exciting campaigns for itself. 3) Public Relations It was the massive public relations exercise that put Colors on the GEC map. The channel focused sharply on editorial support and ensured that it generated enough reports on the channel. For Bigg Boss, we picked newsmakers and the single-line brief was how these people should be able to move the coverage of Colors from the entertainment pages to the front pages of newspapers ) Real time viewer involvement In a bid to attract and retain viewer interest, GECs are increasingly letting viewers get more and more involved with their various offerings – from selecting the name of a show to deciding on the lead protagonist after a leap in time. Colors’ show ‘Balika Vadhu’ is set to take a time leap and the channel is letting the viewers decide on which of the three actresses shown should become the grown up Anandi, one of television’s most popular characters. Viewers can vote for the new Anandi via SMS. 5) Healthy replacements of programs When KKK went off air after 16 weeks, it was replaced by Bigg Boss, the â€Å"highly-controversial† (by design, say media experts) show hosted by Shilpa Shetty, which is averaging a healthy TVR of 2. 8. 6) Live Hoardings Live hoarding in 20 cities were run for three days to promote another big-ticket show Bigg Boss. 7) Planning to enter merchandising At present, advertising and subscription are the two main sources of revenue for the channel, but the team is contemplating an entry into the merchandising space within the next one year. ) To begin with, it has used all media such as TV, radio, print, websites, mobiles, movie theaters and outdoor for promoting the channel. It has placed  1300 hoardings and launched road shows  across the country. 9) For a more concentrated campaign,  3000 taxis in Mumbai and 2000 auto rickshaws  in small towns along with  local trains and school buses  have been painted with Colors brand. 10) Along with this 65000 ad spots are booked on TV while 15 million SMS have been send across all telecom operators. 11) At  Big Bazaar  stores, helpers and counter-guys are wearing  Colors T-shirts  and giving out information about the channel. 2) In  McDonald’s,  the Colors brand is present on the menu while Fear Factor Khataron Ke Khiladi merchandise is available at  Pantaloons  and McDonalds. 13) For program specific advertising,  Colors has tied up with ISKCON  for promoting its mythological show Jai Sri Krishna at all ISKCON temples. Also, 1000 temples across Hindi speaking states are being used to promote the show by putting banners on banner stalls and giving Krishna merchandise, literature and calendars. 14) For the show Mohe Rang De, Colors has chosen Punjab and Delhi to  organise street plays  as these plays were the maximum witness to freedom struggle. We can summarise the communication strategies based on the the 6 M’s Model of communication: Market General Public MissionTo generate Curiosity about the channel & shows MessageWatch Colors Media TV, Newspapers, Hoardings, Dabbawalas, SMS MoneySpent more than Rs. 50 crore on initial promotion Measurement Initial viewership The marketing and communication strategies seemed to be quite aggressive and innovative but ultimately it was the programming quality and show placement which established its positioning in the Indian television space. Analysing Colors based on marketing framework In this section, we would be looking after the strategizing, segmentation, targeting, positioning of Colors based on established marketing frameworks: 5 C’s of marketing: Collaborators: †¢ Colors channel is a joint venture operation in India between Viacom Inc. and Network18 Group. †¢ Colors, earlier a free to air (FTA) channel, has recently gone pay. †¢ Paid 5-10 % more than the others on cable distribution so that Colors sat between the prime channels †¢ MSM Discovery Private Limited (â€Å"MSMD†) is the designated agent to distribute Colors in India as part of the coveted â€Å"TheOneAlliance† (â€Å"TOA†) bouquet. †¢ IPL ties up with Colors Competitors: †¢ Major competitors: Star Plus, Zee and Sony †¢ Power in the hands of the cable operator †¢ Pay carriage fee to view a channel Company: †¢ Product lines : fiction, mythology, reality †¢ Image in the market: entered as a challenger, now leader †¢ Skills: innovative content, disruptive scheduling †¢ Goal: to be a profitable market leader Customers: †¢ Created thought provoking subject-based shows like Balika Vadhu, Uttaran and Na Ana Is Des Laado †¢ Reality shows with a difference like Khatron Ke Khiladi, Big Boss and now the latest BINGO †¢ Gives the viewers an expanded choice Scientific scheduling for eg: Balika Vadhu (multiple entry points) Context: †¢ Political issues: notice was sent to Colors Channel for allegedly portraying the character of a district magistrate in negative light in the serial. †¢ Social Issues: shocking scenes of a girl child being immersed in a big bowl of milk , created a social outburs t †¢ Extra working hours of the children SWOT Analysis: Strengths †¢ Shows from all walks of life †¢ A fresh outlook on everything New themes and Ideas Weakness †¢ Strong competitors †¢ A new channel with teething problems †¢ Trying to capture an already captivated part of audience Opportunity A lot of untapped market †¢ A new generation with different taste in TV †¢ Brand Loyalty in Indians Threats †¢ Failure †¢ Immediate acceptance †¢ Difficulty in looking for new grounds †¢ Copy Cats Marketing Mix: Product †¢ Innovative Daily soaps touching altogether different emotional buds of women viewers Price †¢ Prices offered to advertisers were very attractive as the channel got more than 100 advertisers within 2 months of its launch Place †¢ Viacom18 is said to have given away Rs 100 crore as carriage fee for a year to get the best band for its channel Promotion Innovative promotion Analyzing consumer behavior and developing targeting strategies: The TV consumer of today, unlike that of the Doordarshan era is exposed to various programs and content formats. With profusion of interactive social media, all kinds of TV shows, movies, user generated content, nation and culture specific content is available at a click. Again with increasing march towards a global economy, retail boom in the form of super markets, increasing foray of global brands and culture, the young consumer of today is vastly different from the old. They are more demanding, time-pressed, seek instant gratification and look for fresh content. IPTV is the future of TV industry. At the same time, any GEC cannot ignore the women-centric content and in a nation of diversity and high religious sensibilities, mythological content too is needed. We try to understand these and various other factors to understand the consumer behavior central to Colors in particular and Hindi GEC in general. TARGETING †¢ Identification of markets with unfulfilled needs and trying to tap them. Some examples include socially sensitive issues, mythology & saas-bahu serials with a difference †¢ Discovering segments on the basis of consumer characteristics and ascertaining their potential. Colors has very aptly identified the difference between ‘Bharat’ and ‘India’ and designed contents to appeal to both. †¢ Differentiating product offering from competitors – Colors has successfully offered and marketed differentiated content with intelligent scheduling. Also they have been very quick in striking deals with latest Bollywood movies. We will look at the differentiation strategy in detail in the following sections. Creating a distinctive positioning in the minds of consumers – A mixture of both program content and promotional strategies has really situated the brand as one appealing to both youth and the family and created an image of one with the freshest perspective. SEGMENTATION The various parameters on which the market can be segmented is : Age †¢ 15-24 years – They are the key viewers especially in single family households. Reality and youth shows have really appealed to this section. †¢ Lady of the house – She is attracted to fiction and afternoon slots are designed keeping their tastes in mind Urban/Rural Target Bharat – The target is skewed towards smaller towns with 7-9 pm slots. †¢ India – Metro-centric focus in slots of 9-10 pm. Product Offerings: Having the segment and their behavior in mind, let us look at the major product offerings clubbed under three heads: †¢ Fiction: eg. Balika Vadhu,Uttaran, Na aana iss des laado †¢ Reality shows: eg. Khatron ke Khiladi, Big boss, National Bingo night †¢ Mythology: Jai shri Krishna, Mahavir hanuman Differentiation: The following table list some factors which has helped Colors differentiate itself from the other GECs | Other channels |Colors | |Started with regular fiction shows |Yes |No | |Starte d with 2 reality shows with a bang |No |Yes | |Promoted only 1 show on launch |No |Yes (KKK) | |Brand Ambassador |Mostly No |Yes | |Started socially sensitive shows |No |Yes | |Reality shows on weekends |Yes |No | Positioning: Positioning is how the brand is situated in the perceptual space of the consumer. So it is their perception which is of paramount importance here and not the intended position. So to understand the positioning it was essential that we go to the consumers. We floated an online survey to understand the perception consumers have of various Hindi GECs across various parameters. But still to get the other perspective we list below some intended positioning factors driving Colors: ? Colors. An arbitrary name at first glance, this is a self-descriptive. The use of the plural form itself distinguishes itself as a general entertainment channel – one which caters to multiple audiences. This is further emphasized by its tagline ‘Jasbaat Ke Rang’ (The colours of emotion) – which promises the shows that will target the entire spectrum of viewers. ? The logo also provides some intended positioning insights. In every society yellow is associated with the sun – and hence optimism, warmth and happiness. Pink is youthful, fun and exciting. Purple, a mix of the passionate red and tranquil blue, evokes mystery, spirituality and sentimentality. The leaf motif, is a connection to earth and a acknowledgment of roots and natural origin. The Viacom 18 rejoinder at the bottom of the logo indicates an effort by the promoters to promote the parent brand (something they have not done with their other offerings: MTV, Nick and VH1). Usually the name of such an established parent adds to the credibility of the offering and in this case also reflects the aggression and pace with which the brand plans to march ahead. ? The tagline of the channel is ‘Jasbaat Ke Rang’ signifying the universal appeal of its programmes. ADVERTISING POLICIES After the product, its promotion and even the distribution has been put in place, comes the question of earning the bread and butter. In India, more than 80% of most television channels’ revenues come from advertising. Colors TV Channel was launched at a time when global economic downturn had already set in and it had begun to impact the Indian market as well. †¢ Advertisers had begun holding their purse strings tight. Yet, within weeks of its launch, the channel had most premium advertisers on board. †¢ One thing that the team at Colors responsible for raising advertising was clear about was: It would not sell its ad slots cheap even if it meant, not getting any advertising. †¢ To sell advertising inventory in the kind of market that C olors stepped in wasn’t easy. There were rivals who were ready to cut their rates to wean away advertisers and the economic scenario also wasn’t too encouraging. They had done their home work before they stepped into the market. They did a lot of number crunching, decided on some rates and held on to them. Demanding premium rates may have been rendered easier by the good work done by the channel’s content creation team. They actually went in with lower inventories and did not sign the deals till they got their price. AD rates and Sources of Revenues: In general, the AD rates for various TV News channels range from Rs 2,500 to Rs. 8,000 and for the popular shows on GECs like Star, Zee, Sony the range will be from 1. 5 to 3 lakhs. These rates are for a ten second slot and they vary too as per the volume, duration, past records of the media buying agencies and advertisers. But as we have seen in the discussion above, Colors so far has successfully commanded premium rates. †¢ Brands such as Garnier Men Deodorant, Vodafone, Micromax Mobiles, Tic Tac (from Italy's Ferrero Group) and Sony Bravia are riding on Khatron Ke Khiladi (KKK3)–a stunt reality show. †¢ Title sponsorship for high-decibel celebrity shows–such as Bigg Boss to be anchored by Salman Khan on Colors fetch '15-20 crore. †¢ Associate sponsorships for such shows are kept at 7-8 crore †¢ Celebrity backed reality shows command higher rates than soaps †¢ On average, a 10-second ad spot on a top-rated reality show sold for between Rs 2 lakh and Rs 3 lakh compared with the Rs 1-1. lakh a spot of similar length that's sold for a TV soap †¢ Another revenue earning mode in reality TV this year was in-branding of products in the shows. Networks usually charge a 200-300 per cent premium above regular advertising rates for product placements in reality shows. On offer are: passive product shots (with no interaction with the brand); an active placement (with limited interaction or activity around the brand); or a hyperactive placement (an aggressive use of product) in the show. Charges 5 to 10 lakhs DISTRIBUTION POLICIES OF COLORS As per a Delhi-based cable operator, â€Å"Distribution, in fact, is the most crucial element to the success of a television channel in today’s time,† says. A channel may have the best of content and it may burn a huge amount of money in promoting it, but if the channel doesn’t reach viewers, which means if the distribution is not in place, all these efforts will yield a naught. † Colors TV Channel has handled the distribution conundrum very well. Using its sharp distribution plan, Colors reached 36. 4 million viewers in its launch week. By end of 2009, Colors claims to have the maximum reach with 72. 5 million viewers in the GEC space . Promotional policies followed by Colors on its l aunch: †¢ It was an encrypted pay channel with a free-to-air window for first six months †¢ This was done to allow its viewers to sample it and be noticed Colors also distributed its channel by itself as gives them more flexibility in their operations. †¢ They planned to be seen in over 50 per cent of the cable homes from day one †¢ They were also to be present across the existing and the new direct-to-home (DTH) platforms. †¢ It was also encrypted on BizAsia. co. uk and hence increased its penetration throughout the world †¢ It is also available on Sky Digital channel 829. The channel in the UK and USA is being endorsed by Bollywood legend, Amitabh Bachchan. †¢ Viacom’s distribution strategy can be held to be 99 per cent responsible for the success of Colors. †¢ Colors have given away Rs 100 crore as carriage fee for a year to get the best band for its channel. Its budget was clearly much higher than the Rs 40-60 crore that NDTV Imagine and 9x reportedly invested in distribution. †¢ On 1st April, 2009, Colors’ became a paid channel, and its viewership fell. It lost market share from 298 GRPs to 292 but overall with a sustained rise in its share, it managed to beat Star Plus in the week ended 11 April, 2009 Pricing Policy 1. Colors charge around Rs21 each, excluding 10% service tax and it paid a hefty carriage fee of more than Rs90 crore to distributors when it was launched INTERNATIONAL FORAY †¢ On 21 January 2010, Colors became available on Dish Network in the US, where it is called Aapka Colors (Respectfully your Colors) because of a clash with Colours TV. Amitabh Bachchan served as brand ambassador for the UK and USA launches. †¢ Colors launched in the United Kingdom and Ireland on Sky on 25 January 2010. On 9 December 2009, INX Media confirmed that Colors had bought 9XM's Sky EPG slot on channel 829 and on 5 January 2010, Colors secured a deal to join the VIEWASIA subscription package. EPG tests began on 4 January 2010 using the 9XM stream, followed by Colors' own video and audio on 8 January. Initially the channel was available free-to-air and then subsequently was added to the VIEWASIA package on 19 April 2010. FIRST IN INTERNET TELEVISION †¢ â€Å"Colors† is the first ever global launch of an entertainment channel on IPTV. With colors, Viacom 18 has made its foray into the IPTV sector which will certainly be one of the biggest distribution mediums, with worldwide reach, in the near future. †¢ The launch has been made possible by a partnership between Viacom 18 and The New Media Group which owns â€Å"World-On- demand† IPTV platform. According to Sanjev Hiremath, Sr. Vice President, Network Development, and Viacom 18 Media Pvt. Ltd. Areas of concern: Despite the positive hype and sustained interest in its offerings, the reach of Colors in India is almost as wide as that of its competitors. Falling viewership shares 443 GRPs! That’s a number you usually associate with a channel that airs a cricketing extravaganza like the ‘Indian Premier League’ or the cricket world cup. However, this staggering number belongs to Star Plus that has extended its supremacy over other channels. Colors stands a distant second with 271 GRPS, followed by Zee TV (231) and Sony (125), according to the TAM data week 25 (June 13-19). [pic]Buzz up! Buzz up! The 443 GRPs is the highest by a Hindi GEC in the last 159 weeks. The previous record was held by the same channel too. The path ahead: 1. Maintain/increase market share 2. Continue with innovative content 3. Collaborate with diverse content providers from other countries to design and introduce new format shows and serials. 4. Exclusive screening of tele- films, short films at a particular slot to cater to a niche audience

Question Stems for Each Level of Blooms Taxonomy